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distributed data

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Cassandra's leaderless ring of tokens with 256 per node by default, what virtual nodes buy when adding or losing a node, and the gossip and repair cost that comes with them

Case StudyDay 35Sep 4, 2026

Cassandra Calls Them Tokens

system-design distributed-data cassandra

Three servers on a hash ring owning wildly uneven shares, and the fix — hashing each server two hundred times so six hundred small slices interleave around the ring

Distributed DataDay 35Sep 4, 2026

One Server, Two Hundred Places

system-design distributed-data consistent-hashing

Ten shards holding ten percent of the data each while one hot key sends sixty percent of traffic to shard four, and the three fixes — cache in front, split the key artificially, replicate the hot ones

Distributed DataDay 34Sep 3, 2026

Evenly Distributed Isn't Even

system-design distributed-data partitioning

Partitioning by range against partitioning by hash, and the real question underneath both — what a single query has to touch, and whether the key keeps related rows on one shard

Distributed DataDay 33Sep 2, 2026

The Decision You Can't Undo

system-design distributed-data partitioning

The consistency menu — strong, causal and eventual models compared with the cost of each, and a list of what can safely be eventual against what cannot

Distributed DataDay 32Sep 1, 2026

What "Latest" Actually Means

system-design distributed-data consistency

Quorum reads and writes across three replicas — W plus R greater than N, the overlapping sets that guarantee one node in every read holds the newest value

Distributed DataDay 31Aug 31, 2026

How Many Copies Have To Say Yes?

system-design distributed-data quorum

Leader and follower replication — synchronous waiting for confirmation against asynchronous replying immediately, and a timeline showing followers landing the same write at different moments

Distributed DataDay 30Aug 30, 2026

Why Copies Disagree

system-design distributed-data replication

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